BIOLOGY FORM 4 2011 PAPER1
SECTION
A (20 MARKS)
Answer
all questions in this section, each question carries 10 marks.
1. For each of the items (i) – (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number.
(i) How many
gametes are produced from one cell during meiosis?
A Two
B Four
C Six
D Eight
E Ten
(ii) Which of the
following is not an excretory product in plants?
A Tannins
B Carbon Dioxide
C Urea
D Calcium oxalate
E Latex
(iii) Why are
skeletal muscles usually found in opposing pairs?
A One muscle alone
cannot extend a joint
B Muscles can only
work by contraction
C One muscle alone
cannot flex a joint
D Paired muscles
are stronger
E Muscles normally
work in antagonistic fashion
(iv) Which of the
following bests defines allergy?
A Body reaction to
antigen
B Body reaction
against a specific drug
C Body reaction
against a diseasecausing microorganism
D Accumulation of
mucus caused by inhaling dust particles
E Formation of
rash caused by eating specific foods
(v) When students
were conducting private study at night, lights went off completely. Which of
the following changes occurred in the eyes of the students?
A The lens became
thicker B The pupil became larger
C The ciliary muscle relaxed
D The lids close
E The eyes opened
wider
(vi) Select the
item that indicates the best match in vitamindeficiency:
A Vitamin A ……………
dry scaly skin
B Vitamin B ……………
loss of appetite and yawning
C Vitamin C ……………
anemia and high blood pressure
D Vitamin D ……………
soft deformed bones
E Vitamin K ……………
poor night vision
(vii) Which of the
following is formed immediately after fertilization?
A A placenta
B An embryo
C A foetus
D Amniotic fluid
E A zygote
(viii) The human
ovary secretes hormones known as:
A Oestrogen and
testosterone
B Progesterone and
testosterone
C Oestrogen and
lactogen
D Oestrogen and
progesterone
E Follicle
stimulating hormone and progesterone
(ix) The offspring
of crosses between red flowered and white flowered plants were always found to
be pink. This is an example of:
A Crossing over
B Mutation
C Codominance
D Incomplete
dominance
E Natural
selection
(x) At early
stages of development of the human zygote which organ develops first?
A Liver
B Heart
C Kidney
D Eyes
E Notochord
2. Match the responses in List B with the phrases in List A by writing the letter of the correct response beside the item number
LIST A |
LIST B |
(i) A chemical breakdown of a substance involving addition of water |
A. Veins
|
(ii) Double strand structure with base pairs |
B. DNA |
(iii) The vascular tissue which transports organic solutes in plants |
C. Multiple
pregnancy
|
(iv) Secondary sexual characteristics in man |
D. Genital mutilation |
(v) Female circumcision |
E. Condensation |
(vi) Major cause of natural selection |
F. Mutation |
(vii) May develop from a single fertilized egg |
G. Adulthood
|
(viii) Allows nodding of the head |
H. Joint |
(ix) Similar structures due to common ancestry |
I. Wall pressure
|
(x) Pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall |
J. Pelvic damage
|
|
|
K. Hereditary unit |
|
|
L. Phloem |
|
|
M. Development of beard |
|
|
N. Identical twins |
|
|
O. Homology |
|
|
P. Turgor pressure |
|
|
Q. Nucleotide |
|
|
R. Hydrolysis |
|
|
S. Axis |
|
|
T. Analogy |
SECTION B (60
Marks)
Answer all questions
in this section.
3. (a) Identify
structures found in plant cells only.
(b) Describe the
functions of each structure identified in 3(a) above. (6 marks)
4. (a) (i) What do
you understand by the term peristalsis?
(ii) Suppose the
peristalsis stops. What problems would and animal face?
(b) Describe the kind of food which should be added to a meal in order to improve peristalsis.
(5 marks)
5. (a) Define the
term “irritability” in living organisms.
(b) How does each
of the aspects below illustrate the phenomena in 5(a) above?
(i) Germinating
seeds
(ii) A potted
hibiscus plant growing near a window
(iii) A zebra
sniffing the air with a predator nearby. (7 marks)
6. (a) With
example, explain the meaning of the following:
(i) Renewable
natural resource?
(ii) Nonrenewable natural
resource?
(b) (i) What is
the importance of recycling of the resources?
(ii) Name the carbon cycle processes which are likely to affect the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.(8 marks)
7. (a) Name two
types of girdles found in the skeletal system.
(b) (i) Describe
the three main functions of limb girdles.
(ii) State the type
of joint formed at the girdles. (8 marks)
8. Figure 1 is a
diagram of a plant root. Study the diagram and answer the questions that
follow.
(a) (i) Name a
group of plant represented by the diagram in Figure 1.
(ii) Give any two
examples of plants which can be found in a group of plants mentioned in (a)(i)?
(iii) Name the
organisms which inhabit the swellings on the root.
(iv) What is the
relationship existing between the plant and the organism mentioned in (a)(iii)?
(b) Name the
bacteria which does the following:
(i) Changes
nitrates into nitrites;
(ii) Converts
ammonia into nitrites;
(iii) Change
nitrites into nitrates.
(8 marks)
9. (a) Mention any
four laboratory safety rules.
(b) Some of the
chemicals and apparatus used in Biology are harmful/dangerous. In what way are
the following substances harmful/dangerous?
(i) Toxic
substances
(ii) Highly
flammable substances
(iii) Corrosive
substances
(iv) Radioactive
substances
(v) Biohazards
(8 marks)
10. (a) (i) List
the five kingdoms into which orgamisms are placed.
(ii) List the
distinctive features of members of the kingdom to which a malaria vector
belongs.
(b) (i) Identify by using common name, two types of flatworm found in the alimentary canal of a living organism.
(ii) To which
kingdom does organism in (b)(i) belong?
(10 marks)
SECTION C (20
Marks)
Answer one (1) question
from this section.
11. Write an essay
on transportation in plants using the following guidelines:
(a) Meaning of transportation
(b) The importance
of transpiration
(c) The adaptation
of features which enable plants to reduce water loss
12. With the aid
of a diagram, describe the structure and function of blood tissue.
13. (a) State the
function of the following parts of the brain:
(i) Medulla
oblongata
(ii) Hypothalamus
(iii) Cerebellum
(iv) Cerebrum
(b) (i) Define the
term “drug use”
(ii) Explain three
effects of drug abuse
(iii) Explain two ways in which drug abuse can be controlled
